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DOT PHYSICAL

A DOT physical is a comprehensive medical examination designed to ensure that you are fit to safely operate commercial motor vehicles (CMVs). The U.S. government has established specific health standards that all CMV drivers must meet. Successfully meeting these requirements results in the issuance of a medical examiner’s certificate, which is generally valid for two years.

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WHAT IS A DOT PHYSICAL?

A DOT physical is a medical examination required by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) to ensure that commercial motor vehicle (CMV) drivers are physically and medically qualified to operate their vehicles safely. This exam is a critical part of maintaining road safety and involves assessing various aspects of a driver’s health, including vision, hearing, blood pressure, and overall physical fitness. Drivers who pass the exam receive a Medical Examiner’s Certificate (MEC), which is typically valid for two years, unless a specific health condition requires more frequent monitoring.

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What does a DOT physical consist of?

The medical examiner will guide you through each step of the process, starting with a review of your health history. This information is based on the first two pages of your medical examination report form. The examiner may ask follow-up questions to clarify your responses.

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Next, the examiner will:

  • Measure your pulse rate and blood pressure.

  • Record your height and weight.

  • Conduct a urinalysis (you’ll be asked to provide a urine sample).

  • Assess your vision and check your eyes.

  • Test your hearing and examine your ears.

  • Use a stethoscope to listen to your heart, lungs, arteries, and abdomen.

  • Observe your walking pattern (gait).

  • Check your reflexes.

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These steps give the examiner an overall view of your health, helping them identify any conditions that might impact your ability to safely operate a commercial motor vehicle (CMV).

While it’s natural to feel a bit nervous, try to relax. Remember, the exam is designed to ensure your safety and the safety of others on the road.

What categories does the physical exam cover?

  • Abdomen and viscera (enlarged liver, muscle weakness, viscera)

  • Ears such as scarring or perforated eardrums

  • Eyes such as cataracts, glaucoma or macular degeneration

  • Extremities such as limb impairment

  • Heart such as irregular sounds, murmurs or pacemaker

  • Hernia

  • Lungs and chest, not including breast examination (such as abnormal breathing, cyanosis or impaired respiratory functions)

  • Mouth and throat, to check for breathing or swallowing difficulties

  • Neurological conditions including ataxia, asymmetrical deep tendon reflexes, coordination or impaired equilibrium or speech pattern

  • Vascular system (irregular pulse, carotid artery or varicose veins)

  • Spine and other musculoskeletal issues, including limited motion, previous surgery, tenderness and so on

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